What is an individualized education program (IEP)?

An individualized education program (IEP) is a legal document that outlines specific educational objectives tailored to meet the unique needs of a student with a disability. It is developed collaboratively by a team that typically includes the student’s parents, teachers, and special education professionals. The IEP details the goals and services the student will receive, ensuring they have access to a free and appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment.

Each IEP is unique and reflects the individual strengths and weaknesses of the student, as well as the special services they may require. This document is essential because it not only sets measurable goals for the student's progress but also specifies the accommodations and modifications needed to support their learning effectively. By being legally binding, it ensures that educational institutions are held accountable for delivering the outlined services and support.

In contrast, a guideline for all students does not address individual needs and lacks the specificity required for special education. A general education curriculum refers to the standard curriculum designed for students without disabilities, which does not account for individualized instruction. A list of classroom rules pertains to behavioral expectations rather than educational objectives and planning. The IEP is fundamentally different from these options, as it is explicitly geared towards personalizing education based on individualized assessments and requirements.